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Spraying

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Pest and disease control by sprays
How can you safely and effectively control pest and diseases using sprays?
What factors influence efficiency and efficacy of spray use?
How can you minimise chemical residues on your fruit?
Why is low volume spraying sometimes more appropriate than high volume sprays?
How can you minimise contamination of the environment when using pesticides?
Interpreting chemical labels
How are recommendations for concentrations of pesticide sprays developed?
Why is 'spray to runoff' the universal benchmark for high volume applications?
What variables might affect the volume that you should apply?
Managing a sprayer for good coverage
How much of your orchard is the target of a single pass?
How do you best direct spray into the canopy?
How do you manage air volume to maximise coverage?
Characterising spray coverage
How can you assess spray coverage?
How do you set up water sensitive papers in your orchard?
How do you interpret the results?
How can you improve spray coverage?
Spraying shelter belts
What spray equipment do you need?
Which type of spray should you apply?
What volume of spray should be applied?
Sprayer calibration for volume- and area-based spraying
What decisions do you need to make?
How do you calibrate your sprayer for volume-based spraying?
How do you calibrate your sprayer for area-based spraying?
Distance based spraying
How can I get the best from my vineyard sprayer?
Is the sprayer output going in the right place?
Am I actually hitting the target?
What water volume and chemical application rates do I need?
What are the characteristics of the different types of sprayers?
Assessing spray coverage using water sensitive papers
How should water sensitive papers be prepared for use?
How should they be placed in the canopy?
How are the results interpreted?
How can spray coverage be improved?
What is "coverage benchmarking"?

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